If security is not provided, a judge may order the sale of the ship to provide funds to pay the claims. The Court's jurisdiction under the Corporations Act and Australian Securities and Investments Commission Act covers a diversity of matters ranging from the appointment of provisional liquidators and the winding up of companies, to applications for orders in relation to fundraising, corporate management and misconduct by company officers.
The jurisdiction is exercised concurrently with the Supreme Courts of the states and territories. The Court exercises jurisdiction under the Bankruptcy Act It has power to make sequestration bankruptcy orders against persons who have committed acts of bankruptcy and to grant bankruptcy discharges and annulments.
The Court's jurisdiction includes matters arising from the administration of bankrupt estates. These cases often raise important public interest issues involving such matters as mergers, misuse of market power, exclusive dealings or false advertising. Since late , the Court has also had jurisdiction in relation to indictable offences for serious cartel conduct.
This jurisdiction falls under the Federal Crime and Related Proceedings NPA together with summary prosecutions and criminal appeals and other related matters. The Court has a substantial and diverse appellate jurisdiction. It hears appeals from decisions of single judges of the Court, and from the Federal Circuit and Family Court in non-family law matters and from other courts exercising certain federal jurisdiction.
The Court also exercises general appellate jurisdiction in criminal and civil matters on appeal from the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island. Accessibility Links Skip to main navigation Skip to sub navigation Skip to main content. Search Field. Powers of a Registrar. Email Updates Register to receive daily court lists by email soon after they are published. Judges' Speeches Including Welcome and Farewell ceremonies. What is a Notice to Produce?
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The districts are the same as those for the U. Attorneys, and the U. Attorney is the primary prosecutor for the federal government in his or her respective area. There are over district court judges nationwide. Some tasks of the district court are given to federal magistrate judges. Magistrates are appointed by the district court by a majority vote of the judges and serve for a term of eight years if full-time and four years if part-time, but they can be reappointed after completion of their term.
In criminal matters, magistrate judges may oversee certain cases, issue search warrants and arrest warrants, conduct initial hearings, set bail, decide certain motions such as a motion to suppress evidence , and other similar actions. In civil cases, magistrates often handle a variety of issues such as pre-trial motions and discovery. Federal trial courts have also been established for a few subject-specific areas.
Each federal district also has a bankruptcy court for those proceedings. Once the federal district court has decided a case, the case can be appealed to a United States court of appeal. There are twelve federal circuits that divide the country into different regions. Cases from the district courts of those states are appealed to the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit, which is headquartered in New Orleans, Louisiana.
Additionally, the Federal Circuit Court of Appeals has a nationwide jurisdiction over very specific issues such as patents. Each circuit court has multiple judges, ranging from six on the First Circuit to twenty-nine on the Ninth Circuit. Circuit court judges are appointed for life by the president and confirmed by the Senate. Appeals to circuit courts are first heard by a panel, consisting of three circuit court judges.
En banc opinions tend to carry more weight and are usually decided only after a panel has first heard the case. Beyond the Federal Circuit, a few courts have been established to deal with appeals on specific subjects such as veterans claims United States Court of Appeals for Veterans Claims and military matters United States Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces.
The Supreme Court of the United States is the highest court in the American judicial system, and has the power to decide appeals on all cases brought in federal court or those brought in state court but dealing with federal law. For example, if a First Amendment freedom of speech case was decided by the highest court of a state usually the state supreme court , the case could be appealed to the federal Supreme Court.
However, if that same case were decided entirely on a state law similar to the First Amendment, the Supreme Court of the United States would not be able to consider the case. After the circuit court or state supreme court has ruled on a case, either party may choose to appeal to the Supreme Court. Unlike circuit court appeals, however, the Supreme Court is usually not required to hear the appeal.
If the writ is granted, the Supreme Court will take briefs and conduct oral argument. The Court typically hears cases when there are conflicting decisions across the country on a particular issue or when there is an egregious error in a case.
There are nine justices on the court — eight associate justices and one chief justice. The Constitution sets no requirements for Supreme Court justices, though all current members of the court are lawyers and most have served as circuit court judges. Justices are also often former law professors. The chief justice acts as the administrator of the court and is chosen by the President and approved by the Congress when the position is vacant.
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